Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is used to control the industrial process according to the user program or logic. This user program or logic can be prepared by the instructions that are given in the programming software and often known as PLC Program.
I hope you will get it after reading this blog What is PLC programming? How to learn about PLC programming? and PLC Programming examples.
There are many types of instructions like Bit logic instructions, Comparator instructions, Converter instructions, Timer and Counter instructions, Mathematical instructions, Call instructions and many more.
Table of Contents
Bit Logic Instructions
In this blog, we will see the bit logic instructions and PLC programming examples using these instructions. These are very basic but very important instructions, almost all the user uses these instructions. This is the list of Bit logic instructions:
- Normally Open
- Normally Close
- NOT logic
- Coil
- Set Coil
- Reset Coil
- Negative Edge
- Positive Edge
Normally Open
This instruction works like a normally open contact, when there is no signal at the input it will not allow the power to flow further in the rung.
You can see in the animation that when the operator pressed the switch(pushbutton), it will activate this contact and power will flow through it.
Normally Close
This instruction works exactly opposite to the normally open contact, when there is a signal it will not allow the power to flow through it.
As shown in the animation that when the operator pressed the switch(pushbutton), it will block the power to flow through it.
Coil
The coil is an output instruction; the user program monitors the status of the input. According to the program when the output coil is energizing in the program, it will activate the physical output and the connected load is activated after that.
In the animation when the output QN0 energizes in the program it will activate the physical output QN0 which activates the 24V DC relay coil connected with it.
Not
This instruction works like NOT gate, when the input of this instruction is “0” then it will give the output “1” and when the input of the NOT is “1” it will give the output “0”.
Like as shown in the animation when the input switch above the NOT is not pressed then it activates the output coil and when the input switch above the NOT is pressed then it de-activated the output coil.
Set Coil
This instruction has an inbuilt latching function, when we activate the set coil once by giving power or by pressing the switch it will activate the output. The output coil will remain active even after releasing the switch.
Reset Coil
This instruction is used to deactivate the output coil. When we give power to this instruction it will de-activate the output coil.
Positive Edge
This is the instruction used to detect the positive edge or signal change stat of “0” to “1”. When it detects a change in the input signal from “0” to “1”, it will allow the power to flow only that much of the time that signal is changing its stat from “0” to “1”. After that, it will stop the power to flow.
Negative Edge
This instruction detects the change in the signal stat from “1” to “0”. It will allow the power to flow when it detects a negative change in the input signal like “1” to “0” and allow the power only this much of time. After that, it will stop the power to flow.
Basic PLC Programming Examples
These are some basic plc programming examples with the use of these bit logic instructions. These plc programming examples may be helpful to understand the basic bit logic instructions operation.
1. Simple Motor Starter
Inputs – Start, Stop
Output – Contactor
In this starter, we are using two pushbuttons, Start and Stop, and a contactor. By pressing the start button once will activate the output coil which will activate the contactor. By pressing the stop button it will de-activate the output coil.
2. Two-way Lamp Start
Inputs – Button1, Button2
Output – Lamp
This is the two-way lamp start logic, the lamp will start from either button1 or button2. Both buttons are toggle switch or piano type switch.
3. Start/Stop lamp with single push button
Input – Push button
Output – Lamp
This is the logic of one single pushbutton ON/OFF logic exactly how TV remote or any other electronics equipment remote power button works.
Pressing the button once will activate the output coil and pressing the button again will deactivate the output coil.
Here I am using positive edge detection to detect the positive signal change of the input pushbutton and set the coil/reset coil to activate or deactivate the output coil.
Final Thoughts
This is all about the basic bit logic instructions and PLC programming examples.
If you would like to know about how to learn PLC programming thoroughly, you must attempt the future blogs in which I am going to work on the complete set of example programs. If you want any further guidance then please comment down below.
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It’s good and I want to study PLC so much
Dear Det,
You can find the free PLC programming tutorials on this website. From that, you can learn PLC programming.
Thanks.